Del vuelo modernista al aterrizaje vanguardista: el cosmopolitismo del artista pobre en Rubén Darío y Juan Emar

Abstract

This essay reflects on the short stories “El pájaro azul” (Blue Bird 1886) by Rubén Darío and “El pájaro verde” (Green Bird 1937) by Juan Emar from the theoretical perspectives of Silviano Santiago’s concept “cosmopolitanism of the poor” (2002) and Antonio Cornejo Polar’s “migrant discourse and subject” (1996). I suggest that it is possible to observe in the fictional works by poor artist, both in the modernista and the vanguardista short stories, a relation between the movements and conflicts involving birds -portrayed not only as metaphorical qualities but also as a critical entity before the capitalist society and the inherited cultural tradition through vanguardista humor placed in the subaltern unconscious (González García 2019).